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作为火电厂安全经济运行主导因素的热控自动化设备DCS系统，近年来得到了普遍应用，为火电厂机组安全、稳定的运行起到了积极的作用。但是，DCS系统的安全性和可靠性还有待提高，在运行过程中经常会出现这样或那样的故障，这些故障的出现，导致了发电机组的非计划停运，给发电企业造成不应有的损失。
1、DCS系统常见的故障
随着工业生产自动化的不断兴起、过程控制要求的日益复杂，一种综合控制系统――DCS系统应用而生了。由于目前各火电厂对DCS系统的应用水平的限制，系统在运行过程中难免会出现故障。常见的DCS系统故障有：电源系统故障、硬件(模件)故障、系统软件故障和通信网络系统故障。
1.1电源系统故障
电源故障是DCS系统的致命故障，一旦电源出现故障，不仅整个系统会停止运行，而且还会导致机组的跳闸，造成非计划停运。
1.1.1电源系统出现故障的主要原因
电源方面的问题比较多，一是备用电源不能自投，虽采用UPS和APS双路互为备用的供电方式，但在转换时也会出现瞬间失电，导致机组跳闸;二是保险配置不合理及DPU电源内部故障等造成电源中断，导致系统运行的停止;三是稳压电源波动引起保护误动及接插头接触不良导致稳压电源无输出;四是有的系统整个机柜通过一路保险供所有输入信号或一路电源外接负载很大，导致模件的损坏;五是系统电源未采用UPS供电，冗余备用就更无从谈起。
1.1.2电源系统故障应采取的防范措施
要保证DCS系统的安全、稳定，首先要具备合理的电源布置，其次要选用高质量的电源模块，并要保证较高的冗余率。再次是注意观察电源的输出电压，防止出现波动。第四是对电源实行寿命管理，该更换的时候必须更换，绝对不允许等到电源出现了故障的时候才更换。
1.2硬件(模件)故障
DCS系统的硬件(模件)卡件可分为处理器模件、I/O模件及通讯模件三大部分，这三大模件的功能各自不同，常见的故障部位为过程通道和人机接口。
1.2.1硬件(模件)出现故障的主要原因
①过程通道故障也就是I/O卡件故障。引起I/O卡件发生故障的第一方面的原因是卡件因长时间工作而出现老化和损坏，这种工作的发生，一般是隐藏性的，只有参数出现异常，系统才会报警;第二个方面是连接线松动导致部分I/O模件与主机的通信中断，在这种情况下，系统会马上做出反应，出现报警;第三个方面是外界强电信号窜入形成干扰而导致通道故障的发生。
②诸如球标和控制操作出现失灵和实效以及操作员站出现死机、键盘和打印机出现工作不正常的现象都属于人机接口故障。
球标操作失灵的原因有装置因长时间工作发生老化或者被浮尘或油腻污染，致使触点不能实现自行通断，也或是电缆插头接触不良造成与主机的通信断路。
控制操作实效的主要原因是因球标的操作信号不能改变过程通道的状态，有三种可能：其一可能是过程通道硬件发生故障;其二可能是操作员站所用软件的缺陷;其三是设备超负荷或者过多地打开窗口，导致不响应。
操作员站死机的原因基本与控制操作失效的原因相同。
键盘工作不正常的原因有：键盘组态出现错误、接触不良、连接电缆松动或者在启动主机时误动了键盘，造成启动缺失。
打印机出现工作不正常的原因：或者是配置不合理，或者是因对打印机实施屏蔽而造成的。
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